Preliminary Evaluation of an Electromagnetic Three-Dimensional Digitizer in Facial Anthropometry

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virgilio F. Ferrario ◽  
Chiarella Sforza ◽  
Carlo E. Poggio ◽  
Massimiliano Cova ◽  
Gianluca Tartaglia
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Facial Anthropometry

Preliminary Evaluation of an Electromagnetic Three-Dimensional Digitizer in Facial Anthropometry

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virgilio F. Ferrario ◽  
Chiarella Sforza ◽  
Carlo E. Poggio ◽  
Massimiliano Cova ◽  
Gianluca Tartaglia
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Facial Landmarks ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
The Face ◽  
Human Adults ◽  
Facial Anthropometry ◽  
Sufficient Precision

Objective In this investigation, the precision of a commercial three-dimensional digitizer in the detection of facial landmarks in human adults was assessed. Methods Fifty landmarks were identified and marked on the faces of five men, on five women, and on a stone cast of the face of one man. For each subject, the three-dimensional coordinates of the landmarks were obtained twice using an electromagnetic three-dimensional digitizer, and the duplicate digitizations were superimposed using common orientations and centers of gravity. Metric differences between homologous landmarks were assessed, and Dahlberg's error was computed. Results For both men and women, the error was 1.05% of the nasion-mid-tragion distance, while for the cast, it was 0.9%. When the duplicate digitizations were used to mathematically reconstruct the faces, and several distances, angles, volumes, and surfaces were computed, more than 80% of the measurements had coefficients of variation lower than 1%. Conclusions The digitizer can assess the coordinates of facial landmarks with sufficient precision, and reliable measurements can be obtained.

Facilitating 3D Virtual World Learning Environments Creation by Non-Technical End Users through Template-Based Virtual World Instantiation

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Ying Zhong ◽  
Sertac Ozercan ◽  
Qing Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environments ◽  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Virtual World ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
End Users ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
3D Design ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Functional Learning ◽  
Preliminary Experimental Data

This paper presents a template-based solution to overcome technical barriers non-technical computer end users face when developing functional learning environments in three-dimensional virtual worlds (3DVW). iVirtualWorld, a prototype of a platform-independent 3DVW creation tool that implements the proposed solution, facilitates 3DVW learning environment creation through semantics-based abstract 3DVW representation and template-based 3DVW instantiation. iVirtualWorld provides a wizard to guide the 3DVW creation process, and hide low-level programming and 3D design details through higher-level abstracts supported by pre-defined templates. Preliminary evaluation of the effectiveness of iVirtualWorld showed positive results. The contribution of this study is threefold: 1) It provides a paradigm for investigating and developing 3DVW building tools from end users’ perspective; 2) It develops a prototype of a 3DVW building tool, which gives educators a framework to easily create educational virtual worlds using domain-specific concepts; 3) It conducts empirical research and collected preliminary experimental data for evaluation.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE AND WIND PROFILES OBTAINED USING UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE BASED ACOUSTIC TOMOGRAPHY

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W13 ◽  
pp. 283-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Finn ◽  
K. Rogers ◽  
J. Meade ◽  
J. Skinner ◽  
A. Zargarian
Keyword(s):  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Sound Speed ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Sound Fields ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Wind Profiles ◽  
Virtual Temperature

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> An acoustic signature generated by an unmanned aerial vehicle is used in conjunction with tomography to remotely sense temperature and wind profiles within a volume of atmosphere up to an altitude of 120&amp;thinsp;m and over an area of 300&amp;thinsp;m&amp;thinsp;&amp;times;&amp;thinsp;300&amp;thinsp;m. Sound fields recorded onboard the aircraft and by an array of microphones on the ground are compared and converted to sound speed estimates for the ray paths intersecting the intervening medium. Tomographic inversion is then used to transform these sound speed values into three-dimensional profiles of virtual temperature and wind velocity, which enables the atmosphere to be visualised and monitored over time. The wind and temperature estimates obtained using this method are compared to independent measurements taken by a co-located mid-range ZephIR LIDAR and sensors onboard the aircraft. These comparisons show correspondences to better than 0.5&amp;thinsp;&amp;deg;C and 0.3&amp;thinsp;m/s for temperature and wind velocity, respectively.</p>

Preliminary evaluation of foetal liver volume by three-dimensional ultrasound in women with gestational diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 922-926
Author(s):  
Gülşah İlhan ◽  
Hüseyin Gültekin ◽  
Ayça Kubat ◽  
Ayse Filiz Gokmen Karasu ◽  
Emre Sinan Güngör ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Liver Volume ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Foetal Liver

The Sparthan Three-Dimensional Printed Exo-Glove: A Preliminary Evaluation of Performance Via Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomás A. Georgiou ◽  
Davide Asnaghi ◽  
Alva Liang ◽  
Alice M. Agogino
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Of Performance ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Hand Exoskeleton ◽  
And Performance

This paper describes the development and testing of a low-cost three-dimensional (3D) printed wearable hand exoskeleton to assist people with limited finger mobility and grip strength. The function of the presented orthosis is to support and enable light intensity activities of daily living and improve the ability to grasp and hold objects. The Sparthan Exoskeleton prototype utilizes a cable-driven design applied to individual digits with motors. The initial prototype is presented in this paper along with a preliminary evaluation of durability and performance efficacy.

scholarly journals The role of the golden proportion in the evaluation of facial esthetics

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 801-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Rossetti ◽  
Marcio De Menezes ◽  
Riccardo Rosati ◽  
Virgilio F. Ferrario ◽  
Chiarella Sforza
Keyword(s):  
Golden Ratio ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Face ◽  
Healthy Young Adult ◽  
Golden Proportion ◽  
Facial Esthetics ◽  
3D Stereophotogrammetry ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Facial Anthropometry

ABSTRACT Objective: To demonstrate if one or more golden relationships between different measurements of the human face exist. Materials and Methods: To make our measurements, we used three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry, which has proved to be the “gold standard” in the field of facial anthropometry. We obtained 3D stereophotogrammetric facial acquisitions of 400 healthy young adult subjects, then had them scored by an Evaluation Jury. Each subject received an esthetic evaluation ranging from 0 to 40. Individuals with a score larger than 28 were considered very attractive (VA), and individuals with a score lower than 12 were considered not attractive (NA). Fifteen subjects per group were chosen by chance, with a final total group of 60 subjects: 15 VA males, 15 NA males, 15 VA females, and 15 NA females. For each subject, a set of facial distances was obtained from the stereophotogrammetric facial reconstruction, and 10 ratios were computed. The effects of sex and attractiveness were tested by analysis of variance. Additionally, Student's t-tests verified if the ratios were statistically different from the golden ratio. Results: For nine ratios, no significant effects of sex or attractiveness were found. Only the eye-mouth distance/height of the mandible ratio was significantly influenced by sex (P  =  .035) and attractiveness (P  =  .032). Seven out of 10 ratios were statistically different from the hypothetical value of 1.618, and only three of them were similar to the golden ratio. Conclusions: Ratios between 3D facial distances were not related to attractiveness. Most of the facial ratios were different from the golden ratio.

scholarly journals Hybrid RGSA and Support Vector Machine Framework for Three-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Brain Tumor Classification

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rajesh Sharma ◽  
P. Marikkannu
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Gravitational Search Algorithm ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Tumor Classification ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Distribution Method

A novel hybrid approach for the identification of brain regions using magnetic resonance images accountable for brain tumor is presented in this paper. Classification of medical images is substantial in both clinical and research areas. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modality outperforms towards diagnosing brain abnormalities like brain tumor, multiple sclerosis, hemorrhage, and many more. The primary objective of this work is to propose a three-dimensional (3D) novel brain tumor classification model using MRI images with both micro- and macroscale textures designed to differentiate the MRI of brain under two classes of lesion, benign and malignant. The design approach was initially preprocessed using 3D Gaussian filter. Based on VOI (volume of interest) of the image, features were extracted using 3D volumetric Square Centroid Lines Gray Level Distribution Method (SCLGM) along with 3D run length and cooccurrence matrix. The optimal features are selected using the proposed refined gravitational search algorithm (RGSA). Support vector machines, over backpropagation network, andk-nearest neighbor are used to evaluate the goodness of classifier approach. The preliminary evaluation of the system is performed using 320 real-time brain MRI images. The system is trained and tested by using a leave-one-case-out method. The performance of the classifier is tested using the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.986 (±002). The experimental results demonstrate the systematic and efficient feature extraction and feature selection algorithm to the performance of state-of-the-art feature classification methods.

scholarly journals From photo-geology to 3D geological models. An open source approach

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Santangelo ◽  
Ivan Marchesini ◽  
Francesco Mirabella ◽  
Francesco Bucci ◽  
Mauro Cardinali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Geological Models ◽  
Open Source Gis ◽  
Gis Environment

Three-dimensional modeling of geological bodies is a useful tool for multiple applications. Such tasks are usually accomplished starting from field-collected data, which typically suffer from intrinsic limitations such as accessibility constraints and punctuality of data collected. In this work, we explore the reliability of photo-geological analyses starting from aerial photo-interpretation in providing data useful to build up 3D geological models, and validate them using exploration wells data in a lignite rich area in Umbria, central Italy. The procedure that produces 3D models from photo-geological data is a three-step open source GIS procedure developed using python in GRASS GIS environment and GNU-Linux OS. We maintain that this procedure can have potential broad applications in Earth Sciences, including geological and structural analyses, up to the preliminary evaluation of potential reservoirs.

Facial Anthropometry Measurements Using Three-Dimensional Stereophotogrammetry Analysis Among Nigerians

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Adegbayi Adeola Adekunle ◽  
Abiodun Yusuff Olowo ◽  
Olutayo James ◽  
Olawale Olatubosun Adamson ◽  
Azeez A. Alade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Facial Anthropometry
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